The Architecture and Working of LiDAR Laser

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Assume you drove your car to a remote tourist destination last Christmas. Nonetheless, even though you were unfamiliar with the location or were visiting it for the first time, you made it safely. How did you do that? Well, the most probable answer could be that you used Google Maps along with the LiDAR laser technology installed in your car.

Everyone who owns a car is familiar with the 3-D color map of your immediate surroundings that the car display monitor shows while you travel. This generates a map of the area around you and displays it to the driver, helping them in safe driving. But what is the name of this technology? It’s known as a LiDAR laser, which stands for Light Detection and Ranging.

Architecture and Working of LiDAR Laser

The Architecture of LiDAR Laser :

A typical LiDAR laser consists of four major components. 1) transmitter (light source), 2) receiver (light detection), 3) signal detection system and 4) data acquisition and control system. Again, the LiDAR architecture can be built in two ways: biaxial or coaxial.

This configuration aids in avoiding near-field backscattered radiation, which could saturate the photodetector. In contrast, the axis of the LiDAR Laser beam coincides with the axis of the receiver optics in a coaxial system. As a result, the receiver may see the laser beam in the zero-range bins.

Moreover, in a coaxial system, the nearfield backscattering problem can be solved by either gating the photodetector or using a fast shutter or chopper to block the near field scattering.

It should be noted that the majority of current LiDAR lasers are monostatic, with either a biaxial or a coaxial setup. The detection range usually dictates whether a biaxial or coaxial setup is used. A coaxial setup is desirable if the near field range is required since it allows for complete overlap of the receiver field-of-view with the laser beam.

If a near field range is not required, a biaxial configuration may help prevent photodetector saturation due to significant near field scattering. Scanning capabilities can also play a role in deciding whether to use biaxial or coaxial wires.

To see the working and applications of lidar laser, check our blog: Working And Applications Of Lidar Laser.

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